Glass-lined containers for corrosive substances



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GLASS-mum CONTAINERS FOR co'RRosIvE suBsTANcEs Filed oct. 19, 194:5

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I o u n u c o o* co oowIlIlILIIIIIIIIIHHUIIIIIIPIIIIHINIIIIIILIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIII- r1 I n I IOct. 2, 1945. P. E. KNUDsEN GLASS-LINED .CONTAINERS FOR CORROSIYESUBSTANCES 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed voct. 19, 1945 Y* zo oct. 2, 1945. R EKNUDSEN 2385324 GLASS-LINED CNTAINERS FOR CORROSIV SUBSTANCES Filedoct.` 19, 1945 l f :s sheets-sheet s Penecy E KNaDsE/v @M 6me@ PatentedOct. 2, 1945 UNITED O'FFICE N i nass-Linen.. ooN'iiAImsnsl non I.CQBROSWE SUBSTIANCES Percy ni Knudsen;rinsbmgh'ra., assigner tovPittsburgh. Plate -Grlass Company, Alleghenyv County, Pa., aeorporationof Pennsylvania Appiicaunocteber"19, 1943;*.seiia1'rrqijstavate i somme.lazos-Lal The present invention relates to the construction ofcontainers for liquids, e. g.,'.corrosive subfstances, such as picklingacids, cleaning solutions, plating baths, or for other materials ofIlike nature, and it has particular relationto the provision ofcontainers of the foregoingtype inwhieh a shell of wood, metal;concrete,V or the like is lined by relatively heavy plates ofglaskspr'ovid;

ing 'a surface which is highly resistantto at- It has heretofore beenproposed tc'fornrcontainers for various types of acidsr and solutions bysetting plates of glass; preferably" tempered, inside a container insomewhat spaced" relation with respect to the walls `ofthe containerfinorder to providev a, lining and then to' fill the space between theplates and the shell'with ag-resist"- ant plastic substance,` such ashighA melting asphalt or plasticzed sulfur, pouredin While Amoltenand'allowed to settoasolid state.

The present `invention contemplate'sl'a's one feature the provision ofsight holes-'orl inspection windows for such eontainersinv which AthecontinuousY plates oi glass constitutingthe'lining function as atransparent closure medium permitting the free passage of light into thecontents .Y

ofthe tank. y As a further feature ,of the invention involves theprovision of adjustment screws operable exi.

teriorly of the' tank for securing. the glass plates constituting thetank lining lin spaced relation together asinicted at lz in Fig. a toprovide `a., cornerqstructure., The corners areV further reinforcedandfsecureditogether by vertical. barsI .I3 ofA Wood secured totzheboards II bymeans of, .sorews I4., The sidewalls `may also'be rein-,forced bymeans ofk horizontal rods or bolts IS and verticalholts l1.Which,f.at` their extremities, are provided with nuts I8 countersunk asindi- -cated at t9' ritol the wood. The nuts of the hori- .zontaleboltsare.coveredv by the'bars I3, while they upper nutsjoffthe vertical/'rodsare covered .by coping bars' 2,0 .-1, Y

Y. The bottomofthe'shell alsoformed of wooden [planks` 2lwhic';hat.tl1eir` extremities, rest upon bars 22 of wood or the like.The lowernuts ofA the bolts -ll arecountersunk in these latter bars..The lining. ofthe tank, asvshown in Fig. 3, in- .cludesthin platesrlZBof glass bearing against the innersurface of the wooden shelland plates24 A-s`1` a`c'e d therefrom. and preferably of relatively .heavyv plateglass, which should be tempered in orcler to render it resistantto heatshook.V The vertical edgesfo'f the latterv plates are beveled asindicatedvatlkland their-upper edges are r,secured in 4groovesin'copinglbars 2l)` so that they can not 'fall inwardly. The, spacelbetweenvthe thin plates andthe heavyplatesis filled with a mastic orplastic composition 26, preferably of high melting asphalt for,alplastcized,suli'unzwhich in general ishighly resistant ,to chemical.attack and also serves to transmitrstresses froml the lining platestheollter Shellra's-.Well as Sealing all joints be- 'tWen plates. l

Itisto be observedthat the plates ,23"ahd 24 Qarefheld virl suitablyspacedielation 'withv respect ftq each' othe1. bymeansfof,roundv pointedset screwsfl'l, which are threaded'through nuts 28,

jcountersunk in openings 29pm the innerface of` parts throughout and inwhich Fig; 1 .isan ele'- vational view illustratingk a tankconstructedin j` substantially upon the line III-III of Fig. 11" and 570illustrating the construction of a.corner -of the In the embodiment ofthe. inventionshown'a wooden shell l0 includes side walls of relativelyheavy planks or boards Il, which are rabbeted fthewall's vofthe shell..'Said screws include'indentations, 21a for a screw-driver :by means of'which'screwsmaybe adjusted to obtain accurate `'spacing',of the platesand, to hold the plates kfrom rattling"duringor prio'rto the operationof pouringfthe' heated asphalt 26. The rearextremities offthe 'setscrews 'may beprotected byvmeans of 'plugs A 3U of Awood or the like,and the points may havejcapsna offleadto protect them.

' "j'vIhve lining of.` the vhottomportion of the tank maymcludesli'ghtlysloped edge sections 3l, that compiisesplatesland 33,which rest uponbev- .eled orwedge-shaped blocks or bars 34 uponthebottoni1:)carhcls"2ly andarespaced by small sec- Ylltio'ns 3,5 ofAglass.- The space between the plates jailed wim a mastic introducedwhile. het and '.tlu'i'd` in' a" casting'operation. The bottom also inorder to provide spacers.

that the body of the thermosetting, e. g.,-Bake-r- 1,5-

vfurther toy secure the frame to the `ledges'oil the .walls of theVshelland,functionrfurther to reinfofhigh melting ipoint, is 'fused at,a temperature Vat'which it fis'highly fluid andy isthenpoured includes ahorizontal central section 36 havng a drain opening 31 formed therein,which opening registers with a drain structure 38.

An inspection window in the tank constructed invaccordance with theprovision of the invention 5 includes an opening 4I, whichris but asmall section of the tank wall, formed in the tank at an appropriatemeint, ibut which -=doe s not extend through.v the' lining' -plate 24|,vTheopening is shown as being rectangular with a horizontal 10' loweredge and is surrounded by a frame 4,2- 1;.

of wood or the like. Wooden barsrnaybe in.- .L serted between the innerand outersheetsof glass It is to be noted lite, plastic i4 is disposed,-about the margins of the spacer members 43, in order'itoprevent'theff.

possibility of molten asphalt. from contactingwithZ the wood of themembers. This resin is applied while still plastic and adhesive. It isbaked to 20 thermoset stage, after the spacers ,and the plates areassembled.

` jAs shown in dotted line Yin Fig. 1*,'th'e spacer bars VI3 constituteattened isosceles triangles se l/thatthe lower edge ofthe baralong'thelower g5 edge ofv the opening is` sloped upwardly approxiifmately from its mid portion respectivelyjtof the right vand left offtheopening whereby to admit of the escape Lofi'mprisoned air laterally andup'- wardlyv at opposite ends 'of the bar fromunder A39 the lower edgesof the bars as, thernoltenV plastic L is poured into kthe space betweenthe outer shell and the inner lining. 4Screws 46 secure the Vframe tothe spacer'bars 43 and also screws `4'|,function opening., Y.' v 1 Undersome conditions therermightbe ,a poss1- -bility of breakage lof theliner plate l2li, which ,which is secured in place Vto horizontalreinforc.- 45

dngbar 5l and Vertical ,bars 52 by means, of@

Vscrews 53. These reinforcing bai-s arelheldvin Vplace by means,ofjscrews 54 ythreaded into the force the` edges of, the opening. Asbestshown in Fig. 1the horizontal `bars 5I are of such length that ,they.caribe V'mortised into, the 'vertical corner bars I3. The vertical bars52 are also mortised into barsSLp, Y

The construction of thev tankherein shown is substantially.self-evident."l ,The Wooden shell is"" rstbuilt up., after which vthethin' plates 23 ,are

.disposed in theshell in contact'with ythe wood.

The heavy inner plates '24 are disposed in'position and the yset'screws2'|l arethen' adjusted to G0 obtain the desired spacing and to insurevcontact 4between the face of the glass plates` and the points andscrews. The plastic, 'such asvas'phalt into'position. It serves to bondthe glass plates i in posltionand to, insure uniform bearing surface forthe backsof the glass 'plates 2,4; Sometimes the wooden shell I0 mayberepla'cedby a shell of ironorconcrete. Thetankmaybe round, 70

. square, or have any numberV of sides. r,

As many observation V windows as may desired ,may be, builtV` into atank. l.For example,y a sec,-

ond'one 55 may be inserted opposite the first and @Per v ma .be ,page,backof'i, @eine Vfirst-mentioned bars. l v l 75 ,1, f

observation. In some cases quantitative end points in chemical reactionscan thus be observed with considerable accuracy.

The forms of the invention herein shown and Vdescribed are tobe'considered merely as by way What I claim is :v

1.y container structure comprising an outer vrL,rreinlfrircingfjshelland an inner lining of glass plates, the plates of the lining beingspaced from `the,shell, said outershell having an inspection openingformed therein, the margins of the openingfbeingfclosedby a frame, theinner edges of -,which bearagainsththe outer Vface of the glass liningand a packing of impermeable plastic in lspaced .inwardly fromllthe,lshell; the Y lining being spaced from thesurfaceof the'zshe'll, thespace Y between the lining and the shell beine filled, with fusiblevmastic, the,` mastic and 'fthe' shell being `formed with an inspection'.openingy therein; the lining of glass lplates being continuous over theopening, and a safety covering of glass sealed the lining.

Vink the. opening yand being .spaced .outwardly-from .v 3. .A vcentaine,structure comprisingan outer reinforcingshell. and a lining of1 glass,plates spaced therefrom, said outer shelllhavingafpair ,of inspectionopenings formed thereingupon 'opposed sides thereof, theymarginsof the,openings being closedby frames and the space between the walls. oftheshell andthe glass plates being )filledWlll'lAlvllaslic;r f fy' ,1"51

.Y A container structure comprising ang-outer ,reinforcing shell andA a.liningofv glass plates spaced ,inwardly from'vthe shell, Vsaid outershell having an inspection. opening 'formed therein with a-horizontallower edge, the margins of theopen'- ing being closed by a framethe-innery edges of whichbear against ,the outer'. faces, ofv the glasslining and a packing of impermeablefusiblei mastic between, the Ilining4v and" the' shell and spacer .elements comprising barsV disposed.between the shell and the 'glassjplatesyalong the edgesiof `theOpeningfthe baralongfthe` lower. edgefbeing of the lower edge oftheV baralong 'the-lower edgeofy the opening beingv sloped upwardly 'ap--proximately from its midportion respectively `to the right'and'left'lofthe'opening' to: facilitate the escapeof bubblesduringbpourin'goperations `in the introduction'ofz-the masticinto'thespa'ce.

Y 5. A, container vstructure?comprising an f outer reinforcing shell ofplanks, a liningvof glass plates therein, f said outer* shell lbeingformed with a square ,opening .with two'` edges in lhorizontalpositionand two vertical edges, the Vmargins of the opening being closedbya frame, the inner edges bars upontheshell onvthe uts'ide'thereof'anireinforcing 'bars for the horizontal edges Aofthe opening vanclahavingYthe Vends secured*to-"said `corner bars vand verticalbars reinforcingivertica'l edgesof the opening and being securedtofthe

